Virtual Ground in Single Supply Operation

Generation of a virtual ground is required by single-supply operation. It’s usually required at a voltage equal to Vcc/2. We can use a simple voltage divider produce Vcc/2, but it’s performance deteriorates at low frequency. The values of R1 and R2 are equal, selected with power consumption Vs allowable noise in mind. We can eliminate conducted noise on the voltage […]

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Thermocouple Cold Junction Compensation (Compensation for Grounded Thermocouple)

Cold junction error in thermocouple can be seen as an offset drift that depend on the cold junction temperature. we can use the following circuit to correct this error for grounded thermocouple configuration: Adjustments: compensates for both sensor and resistor tolerances Short 1N4568 Adjust R1 for SEEBECK coefficient times the ambient temperature (in K degrees) across R3. Short LM135 and […]

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Differential Temperature Sensor

Differential temperature sensor is used to measure temperature difference in two different area.  Here is the schematic diagram of the circuit: Please note that the connection from pin 2 to pin 3 of LM308 shouldn’t be  there, just break the connection so we get valid configuration like as we see in other differential amplifier.  [Source: STMicroelectronics Application Note]

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LM135/235/335 Centigrade Thermometer

LM135/235/335 temperature sensor is designed ease absolute temperature reading, giving all positive value for any frequency, that’s why we read 2.7315V at 0 Celsius degree. To read directly in Celcius, we can use the following circuit: This circuit works by nothing more than providing a 2.7315 voltage reference, so you must connect the meter the sensor output and this reference […]

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